Marine telegraph



C. J.. HENSCHEL.

MARINE TELEGRAPH.

APPLICATION. FILED MAR. 28, I919- 1,367,258. v Patented Feb. 1, 1921.

4 SHEETS'-SHEET INVENTOR (firm-[er J A e/21096! m MW 7 ATTORNEY PatentedFeb. 1,1921.

4 SHEETS-SHEET z.'

INVENTOR (flaw/(Al Award/e! I I I I ATTORNEY C. J. HENSCHEL- MARINETELEGRAPH.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 28. 1919.

1,367,258. Patented Feb. 1, 1921.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3- ATTORNEY C. J. HENSCHEL.

MARINE TELEGRAPH.

APPLICATION men nmza. 1919.

Patnted Feb. 1,1921.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4- ATTORN EY adapted to be set. and restoredelectrically,

.-UNITED STATES cameras 3'. HENSCHEL, or BROOKLYN, new YORK.-

MARINE TELEGRAPH.

memes.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 1, 1921.

Application filed March 28, 1919. Serial No. 285,902.

lected portion of the vessel-say standing.

upon the bridge--to transmit certain conwntional signals to personlocated in a different part of the vessel; for instance to the engineer,in the engine room.

By my invention I seek to produce a marine telegraph in which the poweremployed in transmission of the slgnals 18 made by electric currentsenerated altogether by 7 H muscular efforts ot the operator, so as torender the device independent of all outside sources of electric power,the mechanism bein g so arranged, however, as to avoid undue wastelosses in transmission, so that no great muscular effort by the operatoris required.

My invention further contemplates a marine telegraph employing a numberof else it trio circuits each of which 1s normally.

dead in the sense that when my device is for the moment not in activeuse no part of any electric circuit is active, or is subjected to adifference of potential, or is energizedby a flow of current. a

In addition, my invention contemplates a marine telegraph having anumber of drops located at the transmitting station, each and a numberof drops located at the receiving station, each adapted to be set andrestored electrically, the electrical connections and mechanismassociated therewith being so arranged that theoperator at thetransmitting station, before setting any particular drop at thereceiving station, must first restore to normal condition all drops atthe transmitting station;yand the operator at the receiving station, inorder to answer the signal, must restore all drops atithe receivingstation except one, which is directly associated with the particularsignal to be answered. 1

Finally my invention comprehends a Fig. 1.

number of separate improvements in marine telegraph apparatus for thepurpose of improving the general efficiency thereof.

Reference; is made to the accompanying drawings. forming a part of thisspecification, and in which like letters indicate like parts throughoutthe several figures.

Figure 1 is a fragmentary front elevation pf the mechanism at thetransmitting sta- Fig. 2 is a section on the line 2-2 of Fig. 3, lookingin the direction indicated by the arrows.

F 3 is a substantially central vertical section through the mechanismshown in Fig. 4 is a fragmentary section, showing theback portion of themechanism of the indicator used at the receiving station.

Fig. 5 is a diagram of the wiring and.

electrical connections associated therewith. Big. 6 1s a dlagrammaticperspective of one of the drops employed, these drops be ing connectedwith the wiring as indicated in Fig. 5. i

The transmitter casing is shown at 6 and is mounted upon a hollow suporting column 7. The casing is provide movable face plate 8 heldimposition by screws 9. y y R A. gasketlO is carriedby the face plate,and renders the casing water-tight, as may be understood from Fig. 3. iit The face plate 8 is provided with a number of legends, as follows,Ahead,,Astern, Stop, Slow, Half Speed and Full Speed, the three lastmentioned being duplicated as shown. These legendsmay be made withluminous paint, or otherwise rendered conspicuous as desired. a

A handle 11 is mounted upon a V-shaped arm 12, through which the legendsmay be read. This arm carries a pointer 13, and extends outwardly from ahub 14, which is secured rigidly upon one end of a tubular shaft 15, asmay be understood from Fig. 3. The tubular shaft 15 is rocked withinpredetermined limits by movements of the handle 11, but has no othermotion. A bearing 16, integral with the face plate 8, serves as asupport for the tubular shaft 15, which extends through it,

The tubular shaft 15 also extends through with a rethe centering wheel.p p

" The operator therefore has only to stop a bearing 17 carried by andintegral with a spider 18. This spider is by screws 19 secured to theface plate.

- The spider 18 carries an annulus 20 extending inwardly toward thetubular shaft 15,- and secured upon this annulus by aid of screws 21 isa contact disk 22.

Mounted rigidly upon the tubular shaft 15 is a disk 23, carrying aninsulator 24;,

'and secured upon this insulator is a contact spring 25. This contactspring slidably engages a contact ring 26, with which it is always incontact, and from which it dissprings, by pressing the arms 31 towardeach other, tend toforce the rollers 'into thenotches 29.v V V 7 Thesenotches are so spaced and arranged that therollersBO, by occupying thenotches one pair at a time, have a tendency to hold the centering wheelin definite predetermined 'positionsf That is to say, a s thehandle 11is swung angularlyby hand, the operator fee-ls aresistance which variesstep by step,

eausedbythe action of the rollers 30 upon the motion of the handle wherehe finds it .f the easi'esttoStop, in orderfto' 'leave it in suchposition" that the pointer 13 will indicate positively and preciselysome particular le end. I Extending through .the tubular shaft 15 i-small shaft ,31.- Mounted rigidly upon th'el'outer end of thissliaft isacrank 32,

carrying ajhandle Agear'wheel'ii is niounted 'rigidly upon the oppositeend of the shaftgl, and meshes with a pinion This pinion is mounted upona shaft 36, which-isthe armature shaft of a direct current magneto 37.Thus themagneto is ac tuatedbyturning-the crank 32 by means of thehandle 33. V V V Thehandle 11 and'arm 12 have nothing to do with"actuating the magneto but are employed in controlling the distributionof the 7 electric currents generated thereby.

A; door'is provided at 38, and adjacent this door is a terminalstrip3}). 'Upon this terminal strip are mounted binding posts, one 6O 7ofwhich appearsat 4:0. Back of the terminal strip is an elec ric bell4:1.

The casing face is provided with peep holes42, 43,44, 15, 46,47 and 17,inthis instance seven innumber, an'dasso'cia'ted with anequal number ofdrops 48, 49, 50, 51, 52,

53 and 54. These drops each have the same construction, which may beunderstood from Fig. 6. A shutter a8, having in this instance theproximate form of a Maltese cross, is disposed adjacent a background, 48relative to which it presents a contrasting appearance. This shutter maybe coated with luminous paint, or otherwise illuminated as desired. Itis mounted upon a rocking shaft 418, which also carries a permanentlymagnetic armature e81 Located upon opposite sides of the armature 48 aretwo magnets 1S 48 so arranged that in practice the drop is set byenergizing the magnet l8, and is restored to its normal condition byenergizing the magnet 18.

Referring more particularly to Fig. 5, the apparatus at the left handside of the figure constitutes the transmitter and the mechanism at theright hand side comprises the receiver as indicated by legends. Adjacenteach drop is a glass plate 51 carried by the casing face and sunkenthereinto, for excluding the entrance of water.

Except for immaterial variations in the form of the casing and itslocation. the trans mitter has some part corresponding to each part ofthe receiver. The receiver, however, has a few additional parts notfound in the transmitter, and these are shown structurally in Fig. ":lr,and indicated diagrammatically in Fig. 5, at the right hand side.

I will now describe these additional pa rls. A contact disk 55 ismounted rigidly upon the revoluble tubular shaft 15, and is providedwith a notch 56. Dis osed adjacent the disk 55 is a stationary disk 57made of insulating material and mounted upon this disk are contactmembers 58, 59, (30, 61, (32. 63, and 64, each having the form of a leafspring, the one numbered 61 being shown in Fig. 4. The parts are soassembled and arranged that the contact springs normally engage the disk55; but the notch 56, in passing each contact spring or in stoppingadjacent the same, disconnects it from the disk 55, as shown in Fig. 4.

A contact spring 65 is in permanent engagement with the contact disk 55,as indicated at the right of Fig. 5.

Connected with the magneto 37 at the transmitting station are two wires65, (36. From the wire 65 a wire (37 leads to the bell 41 at thereceiving station. A wire 68 is connected to this bell and to a wire 69,which leads back to the transmitting station, and

is there connected to the wire 68. A wire 70 is connected to thejunction of the two wires 66, 69, and connected to this wire 70, and in7 parallel to each other with reference thereto,

are all of the restoring magnets 48, used in the several drops 48, 49,50, 5 1, 52, 53, 5-1- at the transmitting station. These magnets arealso connected to a wire 71, relatively to which they are in parallel toeach other.

Connected to the wire 71 is awire 72, lead ing to the contact ring 26. Awire 73 is connected to the wires 71, 72, at the junction thereof, andis also connected to the wires 65 and 67 at their junction.

At the transmitting station. these wires are connected to the respectivecontact buttons of the disk 22, numbered 81., 82, 83,84, 85, 86 and 87.These wires are at the receiving station connected to the respectivesetting magnets 48 of the drops 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53 and 54. Themagnets just mentioned are also connected to a wire 88, with referenceto which they are inparallel. The wire 88 is connected to the wires 68and 69, at the junction thereof.

Connected to the magneto 37 at the receiving station are two wires 89and 90. A wire 91 leads from the wire 89 to the bell 41 of thetransmitting station. Connected with this bell and with the wire 91 is awire 92, to which all of the magnets 48, used at the transmittingstation for setting the drops at said station, are connected inparallel. From the bell 41 of the transmit ting station awire 93 leadsback to the rcceiving station, and is there connected to the wire 90.The wires 90 and 93at their junction are connected to a wire 94, whichleads to a wire 95. Connected with this wire 95, and in parallel to eachother with reference thereto, are all of the magnets 48 used forrestoring the drops 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53 and 54 at the receivingstation. A wire 96 is connected to the wires 94 and 95, and leadstherefrom to the contact ring 26 at the receiving station. A wire 97 isconnected to the wires 89 and 91, and leads therefrom to the contactspring 65 Seven wires 98, 99, 104 are connected to the contact buttons81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86 and 87 of the contact ring 22 at the receivingstation, and lead therefrom back to the transmitting station, where theyare connected to the respective setting magnets 48 of the drops.

The operation of my device is as follows: Assume that the vessel isstationary, that at each of the two stations the handle 11 occupies itsmiddle or neutral position, and

that at each station the only drop registering an afiirmative indicationis the one associated with the legend Stop, as may be understood fromFig. 1.

Assume further, that the oflicer at the transmitting station wants tosend a signal for the vessel to move slowly ahead.

For this purpose he grasps the handle 11 and moves it in acontra-clockwise direction according to Fig. 5, so that the pointer 13is ga ement with the contact button 83. A number of wires 74, 75, 76,77, 78, 79, lead from the transmitting station to the receiving station,for the purpose of enabling the operator at the transmitting station tocontrol the drops at the receiving station.

100,10i,102,103,and'

brought into registery with the legend Slow andwiththe peep hole 44, aswell as into general association with the legend Ahead. This brings thecontact spring 25 into en- 70 p to this point none of the drops areafiected. j i

The operator now grasps the handle 33 and turns it. briskly, so as toactuate the magneto 37 of the transmitting station. Direct currents arethus generated, and they flow through a circuit which may be traced asfollows: magneto 37 wires 65, 73 and 71, thence in parallel through allof. the magnets 48 used for restoring the drops 48, 49, 51, 52, 53 and54 at the transmitting station, wires 70 and 66, back to the magneto 37.This energizes the magnets 48 just mentioned, restores the drop 50 toits normal condition, and has practically no efiect upon the other dropsat this stationfurther than to render itimpossi-ble for any of them tomake anyindication except the normal or negative indication. Thus at thetransmitting station all visual signals show positively andaflirmatively that the line of communication has been cleared, and thatall drops at the transmitting station are in condition to registernewindications.

. Another circuit energized by the magneto at the transmitting stationis as follows: magneto 37, wires 65 and 67 to the bell 41 at thereceiving station, and wires 68, 69 and 66 back to the magneto 37 at thetransmitting station. This rings the bell 41 at the receiving station.

A third circuit energized bythe magneto at the transmitting station maybe traced as follows: magneto 37, wires 65, 73 and 72, contact ring 26,contact spring 25, contact 105 button 83, wire 76 to the setting magnet48 of drop 50 at the receiving station, wires 88,

69 and 66 back to the magneto. 1

This circuit causes the drop 50 at the re ceiving station to make anafiirmative or positive indication.

The 0 erator at the a receiving station, hearing t e sound of his bell41 and noting the indication made by his drop 50 under stands that thevessel is to go ahead slowly. He desireshowever to make known the factthat he understands the signal. He also wishes to clear thedrops at thereceiving station of all residual efi'ects of indications madepreviously.

The operator at the receiving station thereupon grasps the handle 11 ofhis instrument, and turns it to the left or in a contra-clockwisedirection, as shown at the right in Fig. 5, so that the pointer 13reaches the position associated with the particular indication received.This brings the contact spring 25 into engagement with the contactbuttton 83. It also brings the contact disk 55 into such position thatthis disk is disconnected from the contact spring 60, owing to thepresence of the notch 56, vas may be understood from Fig.5. This done,the operator grasps 111s handle 33 and by turning it briskly causes themagneto 37 at the receiving stationv to generate direct ourrents.

' y The following circuit may now be traced:

magneto 37 at the receiving station, wires .90 and '93 tothebell 41 atthe transmitting station, wires '91 and 89Jback to magneto. This ringsthe bell 1:1 at the transmitting station. 7

Another circuit may be traced, as follows: magneto 37 of the receivingstation,.wires 90 and 94 to wire 95,,thence in parallel through therestoring magnets 4L8 of the drops 58,

I 59, 61, 62, 63c and "64, contact disk 55, contact sprin 65' and wires97 and '89 back to ma mas. "This clears all of'the drops at thereceiving station except the one numberedv50, which is-vthesoned splayng the particular signal to 'which an answer is 7 being given. Thissingle drop remains unaii'ected'because, owing to the position ofthe'notch 56 of the contact disk'55, no ciristers an indication forapprislng the operator at the transmitting station that hissignal isunderstood,

The apparatus remains in this condition until another signal is to betransmitted,

whereupon theentire cycle of operations is repeated.

' Each time the operator at the transmitting'station wishes to transmitasignal he grasps'the handlell and shifts-the arm 12 until the pointer 13designates the particular legend'assoc'iated with the signal to betransmitted, and then energizes his magneto. Each time this isdone theoperator at the receiving stationgrasps his handle 11, moves the arm'12into'a position associated with the signal, and then energizeshis-magneto.

Eachparticular signal sent from the transmitting station; to thereceiving station involves the ener 'izing of some one of the wires 74,75, 76,7 78, 79,80. 'Each time a "signal is answered involves theenergizing' of some oneof thc wires 8, 99, 100, 101, 102, r

I V 0 not limit ioatrjioi. a

even to the use of direct currents, the scope V V, p 'ysel' f totheprecise mechanlsm here shown, nor in everynstance, to the use of,curentsgeneratedjby magnetos or of my invention being commensurate with myclaims.

I claim:

1. The combination of a plurality of electrically operated indicatingmembers located at a receiving station, selective contact mechanismlocated at a transmitting station and separately connected with saidindicating members for the purpose of enabling said contact mechanism toselectively control any one of said indicating mechanism chosen at thewill of the operator, a plurality of electrically operated indicatingmembers located at the transmitting station, means for lectively settingsome predetermined one of said last mentioned indicating mechanism fromthe receiving station, and generating mechanism, actuated solely bymuscular ctfort of the operator and connected with said last mentionedindicating mechanism for restoring the same, said generating mechanismbeing also connected with said contact mechanism for energizing saidcontact mechanism and the electrically operated indicating memberscontrolled thereby.

2. The combination of a plurality of drops located at a transmittingstation, a plurality of drops located at a receiving station, all ofsaid drops at both stations being electrically controlled for thepurpose of setting and restoring them, selective contact mechanismlocated at the transmitting station and connected with the drops at thereceiving station for enabling the operator at the transmitting stationto set any predetermined one of the drops at the receiving station,selective contact mechanism located at the receiving station andconnected with the drops at the transmitting station for enabling theoperator at the receiving station to set any predetermined one of thedrops at the transmitting station, selective mechanism located at thetransmitting station and connected with said selective contact mechanismat the receiving station, for the purpose of restoring all drops at thetransmitting station, and selective contact mechanism located at thereceiving station and connected with the selective contact mechanism atthe receiving station, in order to restore all of the drops at thereceiving station except one.

3. The combination of a plurality of indicating mechanisms located at areceiving station and each adapted to be electrically set and restored,a plurality of indicating mechanisms located at a transmitting stationand each adapted to be electrically set and restored, selective contactmechanism located at the transmitting station and connected with theindicating mechanism at the receiving station for the purpose of settingthem one at a time, selective contact mecha- V nism located at thereceiving station and connected with the indicating mechanisms locatedat the transmitting station for the purpose of setting them one at atime, and mechanism controllable from the transmitting station forrestoring all of the indicating mechanisms at the transmitting stationeach time said last mentioned selective contact mechanism is actuated.

4. The combination of a plurality of indicating mechanisms located at areceiving station and each adapted to be electrically set and restored,a plurality of indicating mechanisms located at a transmitting stationand each adapted to be electrically set and restored, selective contactmechanism located at the transmitting station and connected with theindicating mechanisms at the re ceiving station for the purpose ofsetting them one at a time, selective contact mechanism located at thereceiving station and connected with the indicating mechanisms locatedat the transmitting station for the purpose of setting them one at atime, electric mechanism located at the transmitting station andactuated in connection with the selective contact mechanism at thatstation for restoring the indicating mechanisms at the transmittingstation, and electric mechanism located at the receiving station andactuated in connection with the selective contact mechanism at thatstation for restoring all of the indicating mechanisms at the receivingstation except one.

5. In a marine telegraph the combination of a plurality of electricallyoperated indicating members located at a receiving station, selectivecontact mechanism located at a transmitting station and connected witheach of said indicating members at said receiving station, electricgenerating mechanism connected with said contact mechanism and actuatedsolely by muscular effort of the operator for supplying currents throughsaid contact mechanism to said indicating members, electrically operatedindicating mechanism located at the transmitting station andcontrollable from the receiving station for enabling the operator at thereceiving station to indicate that he understands the signal, andmechanism actuated with said electric generating mechanism at thetransmitting station and controllable by the said currents generatedthereby for restoring to normal condition said electrically operatedindicating mechanisms at the trans mitting station.

CHARLES J. HENSCHEL.

